diff --git a/core/common/src/commonMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/core/common/di/ApplicationCoroutineScope.kt b/core/common/src/commonMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/core/common/di/ApplicationCoroutineScope.kt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2a27b9690
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/common/src/commonMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/core/common/di/ApplicationCoroutineScope.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 Meshtastic LLC
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program. If not, see .
+ */
+package org.meshtastic.core.common.di
+
+import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineScope
+import kotlinx.coroutines.SupervisorJob
+import org.koin.core.annotation.Single
+import org.meshtastic.core.common.util.ioDispatcher
+
+/**
+ * A process-wide [CoroutineScope] that outlives individual ViewModels and UI components.
+ *
+ * Use this scope for fire-and-forget cleanup work that must continue after a ViewModel's own scope has been cancelled
+ * (for example, deleting temporary files in `onCleared()`). Backed by a [SupervisorJob] so failures in one child do not
+ * cancel siblings, and by [ioDispatcher] so work runs off the main thread.
+ *
+ * Prefer scoping work to a more specific scope (like `viewModelScope`) whenever possible; this scope is an escape hatch
+ * and should be used sparingly.
+ */
+interface ApplicationCoroutineScope : CoroutineScope
+
+@Single(binds = [ApplicationCoroutineScope::class])
+internal class ApplicationCoroutineScopeImpl : ApplicationCoroutineScope {
+ override val coroutineContext = SupervisorJob() + ioDispatcher
+}
diff --git a/core/ui/src/androidMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/core/ui/util/PlatformUtils.kt b/core/ui/src/androidMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/core/ui/util/PlatformUtils.kt
index 231c84d40..5365ab95e 100644
--- a/core/ui/src/androidMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/core/ui/util/PlatformUtils.kt
+++ b/core/ui/src/androidMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/core/ui/util/PlatformUtils.kt
@@ -37,12 +37,12 @@ import androidx.lifecycle.compose.LifecycleEventEffect
import co.touchlab.kermit.Logger
import com.eygraber.uri.toAndroidUri
import com.eygraber.uri.toKmpUri
-import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
import org.jetbrains.compose.resources.StringResource
import org.jetbrains.compose.resources.getString
import org.meshtastic.core.common.gpsDisabled
import org.meshtastic.core.common.util.CommonUri
+import org.meshtastic.core.common.util.ioDispatcher
import java.net.URLEncoder
@Composable
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ actual fun rememberReadTextFromUri(): suspend (uri: CommonUri, maxChars: Int) ->
val context = LocalContext.current
return remember(context) {
{ uri, maxChars ->
- withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+ withContext(ioDispatcher) {
@Suppress("TooGenericExceptionCaught")
try {
val androidUri = uri.toAndroidUri()
diff --git a/core/ui/src/jvmMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/core/ui/util/PlatformUtils.kt b/core/ui/src/jvmMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/core/ui/util/PlatformUtils.kt
index 031e1fe35..a938f92ea 100644
--- a/core/ui/src/jvmMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/core/ui/util/PlatformUtils.kt
+++ b/core/ui/src/jvmMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/core/ui/util/PlatformUtils.kt
@@ -20,10 +20,10 @@ package org.meshtastic.core.ui.util
import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
import co.touchlab.kermit.Logger
-import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
import org.jetbrains.compose.resources.StringResource
import org.meshtastic.core.common.util.CommonUri
+import org.meshtastic.core.common.util.ioDispatcher
import java.awt.Desktop
import java.awt.FileDialog
import java.awt.Frame
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ actual fun rememberOpenFileLauncher(onUriReceived: (CommonUri?) -> Unit): (mimeT
/** JVM — Reads text from a file URI. */
@Composable
actual fun rememberReadTextFromUri(): suspend (uri: CommonUri, maxChars: Int) -> String? = { uri, maxChars ->
- withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+ withContext(ioDispatcher) {
@Suppress("TooGenericExceptionCaught")
try {
val file = File(URI(uri.toString()))
diff --git a/feature/firmware/src/commonMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/firmware/FirmwareUpdateViewModel.kt b/feature/firmware/src/commonMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/firmware/FirmwareUpdateViewModel.kt
index dc1c45971..f8ff9fcac 100644
--- a/feature/firmware/src/commonMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/firmware/FirmwareUpdateViewModel.kt
+++ b/feature/firmware/src/commonMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/firmware/FirmwareUpdateViewModel.kt
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
import kotlinx.coroutines.withTimeoutOrNull
import org.jetbrains.compose.resources.StringResource
import org.koin.core.annotation.KoinViewModel
+import org.meshtastic.core.common.di.ApplicationCoroutineScope
import org.meshtastic.core.common.util.CommonUri
import org.meshtastic.core.common.util.safeCatching
import org.meshtastic.core.database.entity.FirmwareRelease
@@ -91,6 +92,7 @@ class FirmwareUpdateViewModel(
private val firmwareUpdateManager: FirmwareUpdateManager,
private val usbManager: FirmwareUsbManager,
private val fileHandler: FirmwareFileHandler,
+ private val applicationScope: ApplicationCoroutineScope,
) : ViewModel() {
private val _state = MutableStateFlow(FirmwareUpdateState.Idle)
@@ -124,12 +126,10 @@ class FirmwareUpdateViewModel(
override fun onCleared() {
super.onCleared()
- // viewModelScope is already cancelled when onCleared() runs, so launch cleanup in a
- // standalone scope. SupervisorJob prevents the coroutine from propagating failures to a
- // shared parent, and NonCancellable on the launch keeps cleanup running even if the scope
- // is cancelled concurrently.
- @OptIn(kotlinx.coroutines.DelicateCoroutinesApi::class)
- kotlinx.coroutines.GlobalScope.launch(NonCancellable) {
+ // viewModelScope is already cancelled when onCleared() runs, so launch cleanup on the
+ // application-wide scope (SupervisorJob + ioDispatcher). NonCancellable keeps cleanup
+ // running even if something tries to cancel it mid-flight.
+ applicationScope.launch(NonCancellable) {
tempFirmwareFile = cleanupTemporaryFiles(fileHandler, tempFirmwareFile)
}
}
diff --git a/feature/firmware/src/commonTest/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/firmware/FirmwareUpdateIntegrationTest.kt b/feature/firmware/src/commonTest/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/firmware/FirmwareUpdateIntegrationTest.kt
index 4c48a1ced..030d84eff 100644
--- a/feature/firmware/src/commonTest/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/firmware/FirmwareUpdateIntegrationTest.kt
+++ b/feature/firmware/src/commonTest/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/firmware/FirmwareUpdateIntegrationTest.kt
@@ -108,6 +108,7 @@ class FirmwareUpdateIntegrationTest {
firmwareUpdateManager,
usbManager,
fileHandler,
+ TestApplicationCoroutineScope(testDispatcher),
)
@Test
diff --git a/feature/firmware/src/commonTest/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/firmware/FirmwareUpdateViewModelTest.kt b/feature/firmware/src/commonTest/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/firmware/FirmwareUpdateViewModelTest.kt
index 7032ed408..a8eddff83 100644
--- a/feature/firmware/src/commonTest/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/firmware/FirmwareUpdateViewModelTest.kt
+++ b/feature/firmware/src/commonTest/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/firmware/FirmwareUpdateViewModelTest.kt
@@ -124,6 +124,7 @@ class FirmwareUpdateViewModelTest {
firmwareUpdateManager,
usbManager,
fileHandler,
+ TestApplicationCoroutineScope(testDispatcher),
)
@Test
diff --git a/feature/firmware/src/commonTest/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/firmware/TestApplicationCoroutineScope.kt b/feature/firmware/src/commonTest/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/firmware/TestApplicationCoroutineScope.kt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3ef5c44ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature/firmware/src/commonTest/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/firmware/TestApplicationCoroutineScope.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 Meshtastic LLC
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program. If not, see .
+ */
+package org.meshtastic.feature.firmware
+
+import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineDispatcher
+import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineScope
+import kotlinx.coroutines.SupervisorJob
+import org.meshtastic.core.common.di.ApplicationCoroutineScope
+
+internal class TestApplicationCoroutineScope(dispatcher: CoroutineDispatcher) :
+ ApplicationCoroutineScope,
+ CoroutineScope by CoroutineScope(SupervisorJob() + dispatcher)
diff --git a/feature/firmware/src/jvmTest/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/firmware/FirmwareUpdateViewModelFileTest.kt b/feature/firmware/src/jvmTest/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/firmware/FirmwareUpdateViewModelFileTest.kt
index acb1545bd..23a0d03ab 100644
--- a/feature/firmware/src/jvmTest/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/firmware/FirmwareUpdateViewModelFileTest.kt
+++ b/feature/firmware/src/jvmTest/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/firmware/FirmwareUpdateViewModelFileTest.kt
@@ -116,6 +116,7 @@ class FirmwareUpdateViewModelFileTest {
firmwareUpdateManager,
usbManager,
fileHandler,
+ TestApplicationCoroutineScope(testDispatcher),
)
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/feature/settings/src/androidMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/settings/debugging/LogExporter.kt b/feature/settings/src/androidMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/settings/debugging/LogExporter.kt
index c251b4d5e..315ad1da8 100644
--- a/feature/settings/src/androidMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/settings/debugging/LogExporter.kt
+++ b/feature/settings/src/androidMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/settings/debugging/LogExporter.kt
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import co.touchlab.kermit.Logger
import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
+import org.meshtastic.core.common.util.ioDispatcher
import org.meshtastic.core.resources.Res
import org.meshtastic.core.resources.debug_export_failed
import org.meshtastic.core.resources.debug_export_success
@@ -48,7 +49,7 @@ actual fun rememberLogExporter(logsProvider: suspend () -> List) =
- withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+ withContext(ioDispatcher) {
try {
if (logs.isEmpty()) {
withContext(Dispatchers.Main) { context.showToast(Res.string.debug_export_failed, "No logs to export") }
diff --git a/feature/settings/src/androidMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/settings/tak/PrefExporter.kt b/feature/settings/src/androidMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/settings/tak/PrefExporter.kt
index 9afde85e5..a28a57678 100644
--- a/feature/settings/src/androidMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/settings/tak/PrefExporter.kt
+++ b/feature/settings/src/androidMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/settings/tak/PrefExporter.kt
@@ -24,9 +24,9 @@ import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
import androidx.compose.runtime.rememberCoroutineScope
import androidx.compose.ui.platform.LocalContext
import co.touchlab.kermit.Logger
-import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
+import org.meshtastic.core.common.util.ioDispatcher
@Composable
actual fun rememberDataPackageExporter(dataPackageProvider: suspend () -> ByteArray): (fileName: String) -> Unit {
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ actual fun rememberDataPackageExporter(dataPackageProvider: suspend () -> ByteAr
return { fileName -> exportLauncher.launch(fileName) }
}
-private suspend fun exportZipToUri(context: Context, targetUri: Uri, data: ByteArray) = withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+private suspend fun exportZipToUri(context: Context, targetUri: Uri, data: ByteArray) = withContext(ioDispatcher) {
try {
context.contentResolver.openOutputStream(targetUri)?.use { os -> os.write(data) }
Logger.i { "TAK data package exported successfully to $targetUri" }
diff --git a/feature/settings/src/jvmMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/settings/debugging/LogExporter.kt b/feature/settings/src/jvmMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/settings/debugging/LogExporter.kt
index 5b63cc90a..a9a728559 100644
--- a/feature/settings/src/jvmMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/settings/debugging/LogExporter.kt
+++ b/feature/settings/src/jvmMain/kotlin/org/meshtastic/feature/settings/debugging/LogExporter.kt
@@ -19,9 +19,9 @@ package org.meshtastic.feature.settings.debugging
import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
import androidx.compose.runtime.rememberCoroutineScope
import co.touchlab.kermit.Logger
-import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
+import org.meshtastic.core.common.util.ioDispatcher
import java.awt.FileDialog
import java.awt.Frame
import java.io.File
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ actual fun rememberLogExporter(logsProvider: suspend () -> List ByteAr
if (directory != null && file != null) {
val targetFile = File(directory, file)
val data = dataPackageProvider()
- withContext(Dispatchers.IO) { targetFile.writeBytes(data) }
+ withContext(ioDispatcher) { targetFile.writeBytes(data) }
Logger.i { "TAK data package exported successfully to ${targetFile.absolutePath}" }
}
}