diff --git a/MBTiles/Shared/MBTileLayer.cs b/MBTiles/Shared/MBTileLayer.cs
index 4353ff71..394d5f93 100644
--- a/MBTiles/Shared/MBTileLayer.cs
+++ b/MBTiles/Shared/MBTileLayer.cs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ namespace MapControl.MBTiles
     /// <summary>
     /// MapTileLayer that uses an MBTiles SQLite Database. See https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/MBTiles.
     /// </summary>
-    public class MBTileLayer : MapTileLayer
+    public partial class MBTileLayer : MapTileLayer
     {
         private static ILogger logger;
         private static ILogger Logger => logger ??= ImageLoader.LoggerFactory?.CreateLogger<MBTileLayer>();
diff --git a/MBTiles/Shared/MBTileSource.cs b/MBTiles/Shared/MBTileSource.cs
index 3984208c..92af2522 100644
--- a/MBTiles/Shared/MBTileSource.cs
+++ b/MBTiles/Shared/MBTileSource.cs
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ using ImageSource = Avalonia.Media.IImage;
 
 namespace MapControl.MBTiles
 {
-    public sealed class MBTileSource : TileSource, IDisposable
+    public sealed partial class MBTileSource : TileSource, IDisposable
     {
         private static ILogger logger;
         private static ILogger Logger => logger ??= ImageLoader.LoggerFactory?.CreateLogger<MBTileSource>();
diff --git a/MapControl/Avalonia/DependencyPropertyHelper.Avalonia.cs b/MapControl/Avalonia/DependencyPropertyHelper.Avalonia.cs
index a286d156..7804d31a 100644
--- a/MapControl/Avalonia/DependencyPropertyHelper.Avalonia.cs
+++ b/MapControl/Avalonia/DependencyPropertyHelper.Avalonia.cs
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-using Avalonia;
+global using DependencyProperty = Avalonia.AvaloniaProperty;
+using Avalonia;
 using Avalonia.Controls;
 using Avalonia.Data;
 using System;
diff --git a/MapControl/Avalonia/MapBase.Avalonia.cs b/MapControl/Avalonia/MapBase.Avalonia.cs
index df48b817..1ee197fb 100644
--- a/MapControl/Avalonia/MapBase.Avalonia.cs
+++ b/MapControl/Avalonia/MapBase.Avalonia.cs
@@ -1,9 +1,4 @@
-global using DependencyProperty = Avalonia.AvaloniaProperty;
-global using FrameworkElement = Avalonia.Controls.Control;
-global using Brush = Avalonia.Media.IBrush;
-global using ImageSource = Avalonia.Media.IImage;
-global using PropertyPath = System.String;
-using Avalonia;
+using Avalonia;
 using Avalonia.Animation;
 using Avalonia.Animation.Easings;
 using Avalonia.Controls;
@@ -13,6 +8,7 @@ using Avalonia.Media;
 using Avalonia.Styling;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using Brush = Avalonia.Media.IBrush;
 
 namespace MapControl
 {
diff --git a/MapControl/Avalonia/MapPanel.Avalonia.cs b/MapControl/Avalonia/MapPanel.Avalonia.cs
index b419beff..0f38ad2c 100644
--- a/MapControl/Avalonia/MapPanel.Avalonia.cs
+++ b/MapControl/Avalonia/MapPanel.Avalonia.cs
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-using Avalonia;
-using Avalonia.Controls;
+global using FrameworkElement = Avalonia.Controls.Control;
+using Avalonia;
 using Avalonia.Media;
 
 namespace MapControl
@@ -20,18 +20,18 @@ namespace MapControl
             AffectsParentArrange<MapPanel>(LocationProperty, BoundingBoxProperty);
         }
 
-        public static MapBase GetParentMap(Control element)
+        public static MapBase GetParentMap(FrameworkElement element)
         {
             return (MapBase)element.GetValue(ParentMapProperty);
         }
 
-        public static void SetRenderTransform(Control element, Transform transform, double originX = 0d, double originY = 0d)
+        public static void SetRenderTransform(FrameworkElement element, Transform transform, double originX = 0d, double originY = 0d)
         {
             element.RenderTransform = transform;
             element.RenderTransformOrigin = new RelativePoint(originX, originY, RelativeUnit.Relative);
         }
 
-        private static void SetVisible(Control element, bool visible)
+        private static void SetVisible(FrameworkElement element, bool visible)
         {
             element.IsVisible = visible;
         }
diff --git a/MapControl/Shared/ImageLoader.cs b/MapControl/Shared/ImageLoader.cs
index dc051064..9522e11a 100644
--- a/MapControl/Shared/ImageLoader.cs
+++ b/MapControl/Shared/ImageLoader.cs
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ using System.Windows.Media;
 using Windows.UI.Xaml.Media;
 #elif WINUI
 using Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Media;
+#elif AVALONIA
+using ImageSource = Avalonia.Media.IImage;
 #endif
 
 namespace MapControl
diff --git a/MapControl/Shared/MapBase.MapLayer.cs b/MapControl/Shared/MapBase.MapLayer.cs
index c336a200..70115306 100644
--- a/MapControl/Shared/MapBase.MapLayer.cs
+++ b/MapControl/Shared/MapBase.MapLayer.cs
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ using Microsoft.UI.Xaml;
 using Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Media;
 #elif AVALONIA
 using Avalonia.Controls;
+using Brush = Avalonia.Media.IBrush;
 #endif
 
 namespace MapControl
diff --git a/MapControl/Shared/MapBase.cs b/MapControl/Shared/MapBase.cs
index 9d4daa6e..18925dbc 100644
--- a/MapControl/Shared/MapBase.cs
+++ b/MapControl/Shared/MapBase.cs
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ using Microsoft.UI.Xaml;
 using Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Media;
 #elif AVALONIA
 using Avalonia;
+using Brush = Avalonia.Media.IBrush;
 #endif
 
 namespace MapControl
diff --git a/MapControl/Shared/MapImageLayer.cs b/MapControl/Shared/MapImageLayer.cs
index 2871e598..2705930a 100644
--- a/MapControl/Shared/MapImageLayer.cs
+++ b/MapControl/Shared/MapImageLayer.cs
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@ using Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Media;
 using Avalonia;
 using Avalonia.Controls;
 using Avalonia.Media;
+using Brush = Avalonia.Media.IBrush;
+using ImageSource = Avalonia.Media.IImage;
 #endif
 
 namespace MapControl
diff --git a/MapControl/Shared/MapItemsControl.cs b/MapControl/Shared/MapItemsControl.cs
index d4842afe..d7e73ab5 100644
--- a/MapControl/Shared/MapItemsControl.cs
+++ b/MapControl/Shared/MapItemsControl.cs
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ using Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Data;
 using Avalonia;
 using Avalonia.Controls;
 using Avalonia.Data;
+using PropertyPath = System.String;
 #endif
 
 namespace MapControl
diff --git a/MapControl/Shared/MapScale.cs b/MapControl/Shared/MapScale.cs
index 6ffac495..a5e3dcf0 100644
--- a/MapControl/Shared/MapScale.cs
+++ b/MapControl/Shared/MapScale.cs
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ using Avalonia.Controls.Shapes;
 using Avalonia.Data;
 using Avalonia.Layout;
 using PointCollection = System.Collections.Generic.List<Avalonia.Point>;
+using PropertyPath = System.String;
 #endif
 
 namespace MapControl
diff --git a/MapControl/Shared/MapTileLayer.cs b/MapControl/Shared/MapTileLayer.cs
index 705fd4f2..f2986741 100644
--- a/MapControl/Shared/MapTileLayer.cs
+++ b/MapControl/Shared/MapTileLayer.cs
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ namespace MapControl
     /// <summary>
     /// Displays a standard Web Mercator map tile pyramid, e.g. a OpenStreetMap tiles.
     /// </summary>
-    public partial class MapTileLayer : MapTilePyramidLayer
+    public partial class MapTileLayer : TilePyramidLayer
     {
         public static readonly DependencyProperty MinZoomLevelProperty =
             DependencyPropertyHelper.Register<MapTileLayer, int>(nameof(MinZoomLevel), 0);
diff --git a/MapControl/Shared/Tile.cs b/MapControl/Shared/Tile.cs
index fdabcef1..411b4ee0 100644
--- a/MapControl/Shared/Tile.cs
+++ b/MapControl/Shared/Tile.cs
@@ -14,15 +14,14 @@ using Avalonia.Media;
 
 namespace MapControl
 {
-    public partial class Tile(int zoomLevel, int x, int y, int columnCount)
+    public partial class Tile(int zoomLevel, int x, int y, int columnCount) : ITile
     {
         public int ZoomLevel { get; } = zoomLevel;
         public int X { get; } = x;
         public int Y { get; } = y;
         public int Column { get; } = ((x % columnCount) + columnCount) % columnCount;
         public int Row => Y;
-
-        public Image Image { get; } = new Image { Stretch = Stretch.Fill };
         public bool IsPending { get; set; } = true;
+        public Image Image { get; } = new Image { Stretch = Stretch.Fill };
     }
 }
diff --git a/MapControl/Shared/TileImageLoader.cs b/MapControl/Shared/TileImageLoader.cs
index 1525e1fc..c2559da4 100644
--- a/MapControl/Shared/TileImageLoader.cs
+++ b/MapControl/Shared/TileImageLoader.cs
@@ -7,19 +7,71 @@ using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
+#if WPF
+using System.Windows.Media;
+#elif UWP
+using Windows.UI.Xaml.Media;
+#elif WINUI
+using Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Media;
+#elif AVALONIA
+using ImageSource = Avalonia.Media.IImage;
+#endif
 
 namespace MapControl
 {
-    /// <summary>
-    /// Loads and optionally caches map tile images for a MapTileLayer.
-    /// </summary>
+    public interface ITile
+    {
+        int ZoomLevel { get; }
+        int Column { get; }
+        int Row { get; }
+        bool IsPending { get; set; }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Runs a tile image download Task and marshals the result to the UI thread.
+        /// </summary>
+        Task LoadImageAsync(Func<Task<ImageSource>> loadImageFunc);
+    }
+
+    public interface ITileSource
+    {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Indicates whether tile images from this source should be cached.
+        /// </summary>
+        bool Cacheable { get; }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets the image Uri for the specified zoom level and tile indices.
+        /// </summary>
+        Uri GetUri(int zoomLevel, int column, int row);
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Loads a tile image whithout caching.
+        /// </summary>
+        Task<ImageSource> LoadImageAsync(int zoomLevel, int column, int row);
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Loads a cacheable tile image from an encoded frame buffer.
+        /// </summary>
+        Task<ImageSource> LoadImageAsync(byte[] buffer);
+    }
+
     public interface ITileImageLoader
     {
-        void BeginLoadTiles(IEnumerable<Tile> tiles, TileSource tileSource, string cacheName, IProgress<double> progress);
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Loads all pending tiles from the tiles collection.
+        /// Tile image caching is enabled when tileSource.UriFormat starts with "http" and cacheName is a non-empty string.
+        /// </summary>
+        void BeginLoadTiles(IEnumerable<ITile> tiles, ITileSource tileSource, string cacheName, IProgress<double> progress);
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Cancels a potentially ongoing tile loading task.
+        /// </summary>
         void CancelLoadTiles();
     }
 
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Loads and optionally caches map tile images for a MapTilePyramidLayer.
+    /// </summary>
     public class TileImageLoader : ITileImageLoader
     {
         private static ILogger logger;
@@ -63,17 +115,13 @@ namespace MapControl
         /// </summary>
         public static int MaxLoadTasks { get; set; } = 4;
 
-        private readonly Queue<Tile> tileQueue = new();
+        private readonly Queue<ITile> tileQueue = new();
         private int tileCount;
         private int taskCount;
 
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Loads all pending tiles from the tiles collection. Tile image caching is enabled when the Cache
-        /// property is not null and tileSource.UriFormat starts with "http" and cacheName is a non-empty string.
-        /// </summary>
-        public void BeginLoadTiles(IEnumerable<Tile> tiles, TileSource tileSource, string cacheName, IProgress<double> progress)
+        public void BeginLoadTiles(IEnumerable<ITile> tiles, ITileSource tileSource, string cacheName, IProgress<double> progress)
         {
-            if (Cache == null || tileSource.UriTemplate == null || !tileSource.UriTemplate.StartsWith("http"))
+            if (Cache == null || !tileSource.Cacheable)
             {
                 cacheName = null; // disable caching
             }
@@ -110,9 +158,9 @@ namespace MapControl
             }
         }
 
-        private async Task LoadTilesFromQueue(TileSource tileSource, string cacheName, IProgress<double> progress)
+        private async Task LoadTilesFromQueue(ITileSource tileSource, string cacheName, IProgress<double> progress)
         {
-            bool TryDequeueTile(out Tile tile)
+            bool TryDequeueTile(out ITile tile)
             {
                 lock (tileQueue)
                 {
@@ -130,7 +178,7 @@ namespace MapControl
                 return false;
             }
 
-            while (TryDequeueTile(out Tile tile))
+            while (TryDequeueTile(out ITile tile))
             {
                 tile.IsPending = false;
 
@@ -170,7 +218,7 @@ namespace MapControl
             }
         }
 
-        private static async Task<byte[]> LoadCachedBuffer(Tile tile, Uri uri, string cacheName)
+        private static async Task<byte[]> LoadCachedBuffer(ITile tile, Uri uri, string cacheName)
         {
             var extension = Path.GetExtension(uri.LocalPath).ToLower();
 
diff --git a/MapControl/Shared/MapTilePyramidLayer.cs b/MapControl/Shared/TilePyramidLayer.cs
similarity index 86%
rename from MapControl/Shared/MapTilePyramidLayer.cs
rename to MapControl/Shared/TilePyramidLayer.cs
index a63a37f1..f8216a80 100644
--- a/MapControl/Shared/MapTilePyramidLayer.cs
+++ b/MapControl/Shared/TilePyramidLayer.cs
@@ -20,47 +20,48 @@ using Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Media;
 #elif AVALONIA
 using Avalonia.Controls;
 using Avalonia.Media;
+using Brush = Avalonia.Media.IBrush;
 #endif
 
 namespace MapControl
 {
-    public abstract class MapTilePyramidLayer : Panel, IMapLayer
+    public abstract class TilePyramidLayer : Panel, IMapLayer
     {
         public static readonly DependencyProperty TileSourceProperty =
-            DependencyPropertyHelper.Register<MapTilePyramidLayer, TileSource>(nameof(TileSource), null,
+            DependencyPropertyHelper.Register<TilePyramidLayer, TileSource>(nameof(TileSource), null,
                 (layer, oldValue, newValue) => layer.UpdateTiles(true));
 
         public static readonly DependencyProperty SourceNameProperty =
-            DependencyPropertyHelper.Register<MapTilePyramidLayer, string>(nameof(SourceName));
+            DependencyPropertyHelper.Register<TilePyramidLayer, string>(nameof(SourceName));
 
         public static readonly DependencyProperty DescriptionProperty =
-            DependencyPropertyHelper.Register<MapTilePyramidLayer, string>(nameof(Description));
+            DependencyPropertyHelper.Register<TilePyramidLayer, string>(nameof(Description));
 
         public static readonly DependencyProperty MaxBackgroundLevelsProperty =
-            DependencyPropertyHelper.Register<MapTilePyramidLayer, int>(nameof(MaxBackgroundLevels), 5);
+            DependencyPropertyHelper.Register<TilePyramidLayer, int>(nameof(MaxBackgroundLevels), 5);
 
         public static readonly DependencyProperty UpdateIntervalProperty =
-            DependencyPropertyHelper.Register<MapTilePyramidLayer, TimeSpan>(nameof(UpdateInterval), TimeSpan.FromSeconds(0.2),
+            DependencyPropertyHelper.Register<TilePyramidLayer, TimeSpan>(nameof(UpdateInterval), TimeSpan.FromSeconds(0.2),
                 (layer, oldValue, newValue) => layer.updateTimer.Interval = newValue);
 
         public static readonly DependencyProperty UpdateWhileViewportChangingProperty =
-            DependencyPropertyHelper.Register<MapTilePyramidLayer, bool>(nameof(UpdateWhileViewportChanging));
+            DependencyPropertyHelper.Register<TilePyramidLayer, bool>(nameof(UpdateWhileViewportChanging));
 
         public static readonly DependencyProperty MapBackgroundProperty =
-            DependencyPropertyHelper.Register<MapTilePyramidLayer, Brush>(nameof(MapBackground));
+            DependencyPropertyHelper.Register<TilePyramidLayer, Brush>(nameof(MapBackground));
 
         public static readonly DependencyProperty MapForegroundProperty =
-            DependencyPropertyHelper.Register<MapTilePyramidLayer, Brush>(nameof(MapForeground));
+            DependencyPropertyHelper.Register<TilePyramidLayer, Brush>(nameof(MapForeground));
 
         public static readonly DependencyProperty LoadingProgressProperty =
-            DependencyPropertyHelper.Register<MapTilePyramidLayer, double>(nameof(LoadingProgress), 1d);
+            DependencyPropertyHelper.Register<TilePyramidLayer, double>(nameof(LoadingProgress), 1d);
 
         private readonly Progress<double> loadingProgress;
         private readonly UpdateTimer updateTimer;
         private ITileImageLoader tileImageLoader;
         private MapBase parentMap;
 
-        protected MapTilePyramidLayer()
+        protected TilePyramidLayer()
         {
             IsHitTestVisible = false;
 
@@ -191,7 +192,7 @@ namespace MapControl
 
         protected bool IsBaseMapLayer => parentMap != null && parentMap.Children.Count > 0 && parentMap.Children[0] == this;
 
-        protected void BeginLoadTiles(IEnumerable<Tile> tiles, string cacheName)
+        protected void BeginLoadTiles(IEnumerable<ITile> tiles, string cacheName)
         {
             if (TileSource != null && tiles != null && tiles.Any(tile => tile.IsPending))
             {
diff --git a/MapControl/Shared/TileSource.cs b/MapControl/Shared/TileSource.cs
index cc2b7844..4c73c62f 100644
--- a/MapControl/Shared/TileSource.cs
+++ b/MapControl/Shared/TileSource.cs
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ using System.Windows.Media;
 using Windows.UI.Xaml.Media;
 #elif WINUI
 using Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Media;
+#elif AVALONIA
+using ImageSource = Avalonia.Media.IImage;
 #endif
 
 namespace MapControl
@@ -19,7 +21,7 @@ namespace MapControl
 #else
     [System.ComponentModel.TypeConverter(typeof(TileSourceConverter))]
 #endif
-    public class TileSource
+    public class TileSource : ITileSource
     {
         private string uriTemplate;
 
@@ -35,19 +37,15 @@ namespace MapControl
 
                 if (uriTemplate != null && uriTemplate.Contains("{s}") && Subdomains == null)
                 {
-                    Subdomains = new string[] { "a", "b", "c" }; // default OpenStreetMap subdomains
+                    Subdomains = ["a", "b", "c"]; // default OpenStreetMap subdomains
                 }
             }
         }
 
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Gets or sets an array of request subdomain names that are replaced for the {s} format specifier.
-        /// </summary>
         public string[] Subdomains { get; set; }
 
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Gets the image Uri for the specified tile indices and zoom level.
-        /// </summary>
+        public bool Cacheable => UriTemplate != null && UriTemplate.StartsWith("http");
+
         public virtual Uri GetUri(int zoomLevel, int column, int row)
         {
             Uri uri = null;
@@ -71,10 +69,6 @@ namespace MapControl
             return uri;
         }
 
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Loads a tile ImageSource asynchronously from GetUri(zoomLevel, column, row).
-        /// This method is called by TileImageLoader when caching is disabled.
-        /// </summary>
         public virtual Task<ImageSource> LoadImageAsync(int zoomLevel, int column, int row)
         {
             var uri = GetUri(zoomLevel, column, row);
@@ -82,10 +76,6 @@ namespace MapControl
             return uri != null ? ImageLoader.LoadImageAsync(uri) : Task.FromResult((ImageSource)null);
         }
 
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Loads a tile ImageSource asynchronously from an encoded frame buffer in a byte array.
-        /// This method is called by TileImageLoader when caching is enabled.
-        /// </summary>
         public virtual Task<ImageSource> LoadImageAsync(byte[] buffer)
         {
             return ImageLoader.LoadImageAsync(buffer);
diff --git a/MapControl/Shared/TypeConverters.cs b/MapControl/Shared/TypeConverters.cs
index 010d241f..52e775d7 100644
--- a/MapControl/Shared/TypeConverters.cs
+++ b/MapControl/Shared/TypeConverters.cs
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ namespace MapControl
         }
     }
 
-    public class MapProjectionConverter : TypeConverter, IValueConverter
+    public partial class MapProjectionConverter : TypeConverter, IValueConverter
     {
         public override bool CanConvertFrom(ITypeDescriptorContext context, Type sourceType)
         {
diff --git a/MapControl/Shared/WmsImageLayer.cs b/MapControl/Shared/WmsImageLayer.cs
index 36010aac..35484f4c 100644
--- a/MapControl/Shared/WmsImageLayer.cs
+++ b/MapControl/Shared/WmsImageLayer.cs
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ using Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Media;
 #elif AVALONIA
 using Avalonia;
 using Avalonia.Interactivity;
+using ImageSource = Avalonia.Media.IImage;
 #endif
 
 namespace MapControl
diff --git a/MapControl/Shared/WmtsTileLayer.cs b/MapControl/Shared/WmtsTileLayer.cs
index 1550a701..8093af0d 100644
--- a/MapControl/Shared/WmtsTileLayer.cs
+++ b/MapControl/Shared/WmtsTileLayer.cs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ namespace MapControl
     /// <summary>
     /// Displays map tiles from a Web Map Tile Service (WMTS).
     /// </summary>
-    public partial class WmtsTileLayer : MapTilePyramidLayer
+    public partial class WmtsTileLayer : TilePyramidLayer
     {
         private static ILogger logger;
         private static ILogger Logger => logger ??= ImageLoader.LoggerFactory?.CreateLogger(typeof(WmtsTileLayer));